Reference Constraints reference UniqueConstraint

UniqueConstraint.include A list or tuple of the names of the fields to be included in the covering unique index as non-key columns.

Reference Model index reference Index options

Index.include A list or tuple of the names of the fields to be included in the covering index as non-key columns.

Reference QuerySet API reference QuerySet APIOperators that return new QuerySets

Combines two QuerySets using the SQL AND operator in a manner similar to chaining filters. The following are equivalent: SQL equivalent:

Reference QuerySet API reference QuerySet APIOperators that return new QuerySets

Combines two QuerySets using the SQL OR operator. The following are equivalent: SQL equivalent: | is not a commutative operation, as different (though equivalent) queries may be generated.

Reference QuerySet API reference QuerySet APIOperators that return new QuerySets

Combines two QuerySets using the SQL XOR operator. A XOR expression matches rows that are matched by an odd number of operands. The following are equivalent: SQL equivalent: NOTE: XOR is natively supported on MariaDB and MySQL.

Reference QuerySet API reference QuerySet APIMethods that do not return QuerySets

count() acount() Asynchronous version: acount() Returns an integer representing the number of objects in the database matching the QuerySet.

Reference QuerySet API reference QuerySet APIField lookups

Case-insensitive exact match. If the value provided for comparison is None, it will be interpreted as an SQL NULL (see isnull for more details). Example: SQL equivalents: Note the first query will match 'Beatles Blog', 'beatles blog', 'BeAtLes BLoG', etc.

Reference QuerySet API reference QuerySet APIField lookups

For date and datetime fields, an exact year match. Allows chaining additional field lookups. Takes an integer year.

Reference QuerySet API reference QuerySet APIField lookups

For date and datetime fields, an exact month match. Allows chaining additional field lookups. Takes an integer 1 (January) through 12 (December).

Reference QuerySet API reference QuerySet APIField lookups

For date and datetime fields, an exact day match. Allows chaining additional field lookups. Takes an integer day.

Reference QuerySet API reference QuerySet APIField lookups

For datetime and time fields, an exact hour match. Allows chaining additional field lookups. Takes an integer between 0 and 23.

Reference QuerySet API reference QuerySet APIField lookups

For datetime and time fields, an exact minute match. Allows chaining additional field lookups. Takes an integer between 0 and 59.

Reference QuerySet API reference QuerySet APIField lookups

For datetime and time fields, an exact second match. Allows chaining additional field lookups. Takes an integer between 0 and 59.

Reference QuerySet API reference QuerySet APIField lookups

Takes either True or False, which correspond to SQL queries of IS NULL and IS NOT NULL, respectively. Example: SQL equivalent:

Reference QuerySet API reference QuerySet APIField lookups

Case-insensitive regular expression match. Example: SQL equivalents:

Reference The Django template language: for Python programmers

The recommended way to create a Template is by calling the factory methods of the Engine: get_template(), select_template() and from_string(). In a Django project where the TEMPLATES setting defines a DjangoTemplates engine, it’s possible to instantiate a Template directly.

Topic guide Password management in Django How Django stores passwords

Argon2 is the winner of the 2015 Password Hashing Competition, a community organized open competition to select a next generation hashing algorithm.

Topic guide Making queries Retrieving objects

The QuerySet returned by all() describes all objects in the database table. Usually, though, you’ll need to select only a subset of the complete set of objects. To create such a subset, you refine the initial QuerySet, adding filter conditions.

Topic guide Performing raw SQL queries Performing raw queries

raw() automatically maps fields in the query to fields on the model. The order of fields in your query doesn’t matter. In other words, both of the following queries work identically: Matching is done by name.

Topic guide Performing raw SQL queries Performing raw queries

raw() supports indexing, so if you need only the first result you can write: However, the indexing and slicing are not performed at the database level.